Latest Hadoop Interview Questions-Part 10

91. What is Hadoop framework?

Ans: Hadoop is a open source framework which is written in java by apche

software foundation. This framework is used to wirite software application which

requires to process vast amount of data (It could handle multi tera bytes of data).

It works in-paralle on large clusters which could have 1000 of computers (Nodes)

on the clusters. It also process data very reliably and fault-tolerant manner. See

the below image how does it looks.

92. On What concept the Hadoop framework works?

Ans : It works on MapReduce, and it is devised by the Google.

93. What is MapReduce ?

Ans: Map reduce is an algorithm or concept to process Huge amount of data in a

faster way. As per its name you can divide it Map and Reduce.

 The main MapReduce job usually splits the input data-set into independent chunks.

(Big data sets in the multiple small datasets)

 MapTask: will process these chunks in a completely parallel manner (One node can

process one or more chunks).©Hadoop Learning Resources (Note: PappuPass.com is changed to HadoopExam.com) 4

 The framework sorts the outputs of the maps.

 Reduce Task : And the above output will be the input for the reducetasks, produces

the final result.

Your business logic would be written in the MappedTask and ReducedTask.

Typically both the input and the output of the job are stored in a file-system (Not

database). The framework takes care of scheduling tasks, monitoring them and

re-executes the failed tasks.

94. What is compute and Storage nodes?

Compute Node: This is the computer or machine where your actual business

logic will be executed.

Storage Node: This is the computer or machine where your file system reside to

store the processing data.

In most of the cases compute node and storage node would be the same

machine.

95. How does master slave architecture in the Hadoop?

Ans: The MapReduce framework consists of a single master JobTracker and

multiple slaves, each cluster-node will have one TaskskTracker.

The master is responsible for scheduling the jobs' component tasks on the

slaves, monitoring them and re-executing the failed tasks. The slaves execute the

tasks as directed by the master.

96. How does an Hadoop application look like or their basic components?

Ans: Minimally an Hadoop application would have following components.

 Input location of data

 Output location of processed data.

 A map task.

 A reduced task.

 Job configuration

The Hadoop job client then submits the job (jar/executable etc.) and configuration

to the JobTracker which then assumes the responsibility of distributing the

software/configuration to the slaves, scheduling tasks and monitoring them,

providing status and diagnostic information to the job-client.

97. Explain how input and output data format of the Hadoop framework?

Ans: The MapReduce framework operates exclusively on pairs, that is, the

framework views the input to the job as a set of pairs and produces a set of pairs

as the output of the job, conceivably of different types. See the flow mentioned below

(input) -> map -> -> combine/sorting -> -> reduce -> (output)

98. What are the restriction to the key and value class ?

Ans: The key and value classes have to be serialized by the framework. To make them

serializable Hadoop provides a Writable interface. As you know from the java itself that

the key of the Map should be comparable, hence the key has to implement one more

interface WritableComparable. 

99. Which interface needs to be implemented to create Mapper and Reducer 

    for the Hadoop?

Ans:

org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper

org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer